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Six (6) Reasons for Court Marriage in Nigeria: Why Couples Choose Statutory Marriage

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Introduction

In Nigeria, marriage takes various forms — traditional (customary), Islamic, church, and court (statutory) marriage. Court marriage, also known as statutory or registry marriage under the Marriage Act, is increasingly popular for its legal strength and practicality. Governed by the Marriage Act, it is monogamous and provides official recognition through a government-issued certificate. Many couples opt for it alone or alongside cultural ceremonies (often called "double-decker" marriages). Here are the main reasons Nigerians choose court marriage.

It has often been observed that couples assume "court marriage" and "registered marriage" are the same, but there can be a slight difference depending on the jurisdiction. 

Court Marriage: This is a civil, non-religious marriage ceremony performed directly in front of a marriage officer, without any customs or rituals. An application is submitted, followed by a notice period of around 30 days, after which the certificate is issued.

Registered Marriage: This process occurs after a marriage has already been solemnized according to religious or customary rites and ceremonies. The couple then applies to the registrar's office to officially register the existing marriage and obtain a legal certificate. 

 Six (6) Reasons for Court Marriage in Nigeria: Why Couples Choose Statutory Marriage

1. Strong Legal Protection and RecognitionThe top reason for court marriage in Nigeria is its full legal backing. It is the only form universally recognized by Nigerian law as the highest standard, overriding customary or religious unions in legal matters. This ensures protection under the Matrimonial Causes Act for issues like divorce, separation, and spousal rights. It prevents bigamy — marrying someone else while still married carries up to 5 years imprisonment. Couples gain security against disputes, especially in property division or inheritance.2. Better Inheritance and Property RightsCourt marriage safeguards children's and spouses' inheritance rights, particularly if a partner dies intestate (without a will). Under statutory law, the surviving spouse and legitimate children have priority claims to estates, shielding them from interference by extended family or in-laws. This is crucial in a society where customary practices may favor male heirs or exclude certain heirs. For men who prioritize their children's future, it ensures properties pass directly to the wife and kids without family battles.3. Affordability and Cost SavingsCourt weddings are budget-friendly, often costing as little as N2,000-N10,000 for registration, compared to hundreds of thousands for elaborate traditional or church events. This appeals to young couples facing economic pressures. You avoid expenses on large venues, outfits, or feasts while still becoming legally married.4. Simplicity, Speed, and Low StressPlanning a court marriage is straightforward — no elaborate preparations, crowds, or lengthy rituals. It requires only the couple, witnesses, and a registrar, often completed quickly. There's no strict dress code, making it ideal for private, low-key unions. Many prefer this to escape wedding planning fatigue.5. International and Official ValidityA court marriage certificate is essential for international travel, visa applications, immigration, name changes, joint banking, or spousal benefits abroad. It's the preferred proof for embassies and official bodies, unlike traditional certificates which may lack formal recognition.6. Reduced Family Interference and Monogamy CommitmentStatutory marriage limits external meddling — interference can even lead to legal penalties. It enforces monogamy, promoting accountability and fidelity, unlike potentially polygamous customary unions.
ConclusionNigerians choose court marriage for legal security, inheritance protection, affordability, simplicity, and global validity. While many combine it with traditional rites for cultural fulfillment, the statutory route offers unmatched safeguards. If you're planning marriage, consult a legal expert to understand requirements like age, consent, and documentation.
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